Psychological stress experienced by parents and posttraumatic emotional stress experienced by children during the COVID-19 pandemic.

OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to determine psychological stress experienced by parents and posttraumatic emotional stress experienced by children during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHOD: The study has cross-sectional design and included parents who have 3- to 10 year-old children studying at kindergartens and primary schools under the Yozgat Directorate of National Education in Turkey, and who volunteered to participate in the study. The study was completed with 1,109 parents. School administrators were informed of the study and an online data collection form was distributed through parent WhatsApp groups. RESULTS: Fathers at or above the age of 37 were found to have lower Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10-PDS) scores (p < .05). In the study, K10-PDS scores of parents working as health care employees and Pediatric Emotional Distress Scale (PEDS) scores of their children were significantly higher than those of other groups (p < .05). K10-PDS scores of parents with children in the 3-6 age group who had behavioral changes, increased screen usage, and disturbed sleep and diet were found to be higher than those of other groups (p < .05). According to regression analysis K10-PDS scores of parents significantly explained 34% of children's PEDS score (R² = .340) (p < .001). CONCLUSIONS: This study determined that COVID-19 causes children to experience posttraumatic stress disorder. In addition, the study found increased stress levels of parents and children experiencing posttraumatic stress disorder. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

Determination of interest in vitamin use during COVID-19 pandemic using Google Trends data: Infodemiology study.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the interest in vitamin use during the COVID-19 pandemic using Google Trends data. METHOD: Searches were made between January 1, 2016 and August 30, 2020. First, the word "vitamin" was searched. Additionally, the search words "vitamin," "COVID-19," "immunity," and Vitamin D," "Vitamin C," "Vitamin E," and "Vitamin A" were searched comparatively. Search was made in Turkish (in Turkey) and English (in world). Additionally, the word "vitamin" was translated into some countries' languages and was searched. Relative search volumes (RSVs) obtained in searches are presented with graphics. RSVs, downloaded as .csv were transferred to SPSS. Descriptive data was given as numbers and percentages. Kruskal-Wallis analysis was used to determine the difference of RSVs according to years and seasons. Additionally, queries arising related to search words were presented. RESULTS: Findings from the present study determined that the trend toward vitamins reached 100 RSVs in March 2020, when COVID-19 was declared a pandemic. Vitamins D and C were the most frequently searched vitamin types in Turkey and worldwide. It was determined that searches consisting of a combination of COVID-19 and vitamins were made. CONCLUSION: Vitamins attract public interest globally. Seasonal variation and COVID-19 shaped the popularity of vitamins both worldwide and in Turkey. The search frequency was highest in the autumn and spring, but the largest search related to all search terms was determined to be in March 2020. Interest in vitamins has increased since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic.